Quick answer: A small pen blank is still a rotating workpiece capable of catching tools or leaving the machine.
Before any turning
Remove chuck keys, knockout bars and adjustment tools. Secure all clamps and locks. Rotate the assembly by hand to check clearance with the tool rest and bed.
At startup
Check that the tool is supported on the tool rest before contacting the blank. Do not bring an unsupported chisel to the rotating surface.
Adjusting the tool rest
Use deliberate, light passes. Dull tools and excessive force produce poor surfaces and dangerous catches.
Sanding and finishing
For CA finishing, follow chemical labels and safety data and keep adhesive and fumes away from unprotected skin and eyes.
Shutdown and maintenance
A short pre-turn checklist on the wall is more valuable than a dramatic safety disclaimer hidden at the bottom of a review page.
A 30-second preflight checklist
For sanding, plan dust control and remove the rest. For adhesives, follow chemical safety instructions with ventilation and avoid contact with the rotating assembly.
Stopping is a skill
If the pen starts to vibrate, the blank exposes a crack or a tool begins to catch, stop immediately. There is no award for completing a barrel without pausing. Inspect the cause and replace damaged parts before trying again.
Sources and further verification
Source links are included to help you confirm equipment specifications, accessories and recommended safety practices. Specifications may change with product revisions.